For those who work with engines or are simply interested in automotive mechanics, a common question is about distribution systems: After all, which is the best option, timing belts or timing chains?
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Of course, both systems have similar functions — ensuring perfect timing between the camshaft and the crankshaft. But it is important to remember that each of these settings has distinct features that can affect durability, maintenance cost, and engine performance.
In addition, there are important aspects that need to be considered before choosing or giving an opinion on which of the two systems is the best. That is why, in today’s article, we are going to explore the differences between them and understand how they can impact daily use and vehicle maintenance. Have a good read!
As we have already explained, both the timing belt and timing chain systems serve to control the exact moment when the valves open and close in the engine block. However, the way they perform this function, as well as their durability and maintenance characteristics, vary significantly. Shall we take a closer look? Follow along:
In this model, the timing belt is made of fiber-reinforced rubber, which makes it flexible, lightweight, and quiet. Because the belt is installed outside the engine, maintenance and replacement are relatively simple. However, due to the material nature, it needs to be changed regularly, usually between 120,000 and 180,000 km, depending on the manufacturer’s specifications and conditions of use.
One of the great benefits of the belt is its lightness, which reduces the inertia mass of the system and, in sports engines, can contribute to greater agility in the operation of the engine. On the other hand, its composition makes it more susceptible to wearing overtime, and the lack of proper maintenance can result in catastrophic failures should the belt break.
The timing chain, on the other hand, is made up of metal links, which makes it much more resistant to wear compared to the timing belt. The main advantage of this system is its durability: a timing chain, if well cared for, can last as long as the engine. It is oil-bathed and installed internally, which reduces the need for frequent changes and makes it more robust to handle high-performance or heavy-duty engines.
However, because it is installed inside the engine, replacing a timing chain is more complex and expensive. In addition, over time, the chain can lengthen, requiring periodic adjustments to the tensioners in order to maintain proper timing. If it breaks, the consequence is also disastrous, as it can seriously damage the engine.
When analyzing both systems, it is clear that both have advantages and disadvantages that need to be taken into account. Timing belt stands out for its lightness and low cost of manufacture and replacement. Its external installations facilitate access and wear control, making the maintenance process less complex.
On the other hand, the timing chain offers greater durability, and is often considered a more robust solution, especially for vehicles that require high resistance to wear and heat. In contrast, its replacement cost is higher, and, in the event of failure, repairs can be significantly more expensive, as it involves dismantling internal parts of the engine.
This is without considering the fact that the chain, as it is always in contact with oil, ends up being more susceptible to the accumulation of residues, which can cause excessive wear of tensioners and guides over time. In other words: while timing belts offer advantages in terms of cost and ease of maintenance, the chain stands out for its longevity and resistance, especially in high-performance engines or those that operate in extreme conditions.
There is no definitive answer as to which system is superior, as each one caters to different needs. If you are looking for a more affordable system with a lower initial cost and simpler maintenance, timing belts may be the best option. But, if durability and resistance to severe conditions are your priority, then timing chains are the most suitable option.
Here, the important thing is to understand the features of each system and the needs of your vehicle or the vehicle you are working on. Remember: Keeping the timing set well cared for, whether it is a timing belt or a timing chain, is crucial to avoiding serious engine problems, as is taking care when choosing the other spare parts used to maintain the system.
How often should I change the timing belt?
Usually, every 120,000 to 180,000 km, as recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.
Does the timing chain need maintenance?
Yes, although more durable, the chain needs periodic checks on the tensioners and guides to ensure that the elongation does not compromise the timing.
What happens if the belt or chain breaks?
In both cases, breakage can cause serious engine damage, such as warped valves and even the need to replace the engine.
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Anyone who has made it this far has probably already understood that both timing belts and chains have their pros and cons — and the choice ultimately depends on the needs of the vehicle and the type of use. What does not change is the importance of keeping the distribution system in good condition, using quality components to avoid serious engine problems.
I’m getting ready to replace the timing belt on my '97 Hyundai Elantra. Are all aftermarket timing belts pretty much the same? Is a factory replacement the way to go?
I have a NAPA, a CarQuest, and an Advanced Auto in my town, and a dealer nearby. Just wondering from whom I should get this vital component.
Thanks!
Your choices are: Gates, Dayco or Goodyear for after market. Any other brands most probably made by either of the 3 companies. For more expensive belt, go to the dealer. Just so you know, the OEM is not made by the car maker. They are still made by one of the 3 belt makers with the difference that the OEMs were marked with the OEM logo (brand, #, etc)…
I suspected OEM belts had to be supplied by someone. Any idea of what stores carry what brands?
You’ll have to do the research yourself. It’s IMPOSSIBLE for us to tell you what stores in your area carry what brands…especially since we don’t know where you live.
Get a price for aftermarket…then check the OEM price. As I stated the OEM belts I’ve bought (Honda Accords and Nissan Pathfinders) were only $1 or 2 more then aftermarket. Not sure who makes their OEM belt.
Any idea of what stores carry what brands?
While it is true that the manufacturers don’t make the belts, any belt that carries their name is made to their specifications. Belts from non-OEM manufacturers don’t necessarily meet the same specifications.
If I were looking into doing this job myself, I would be looking for more than the timing belt. I would be looking for the whole timing belt replacement kit, which might include other items like the timing belt tensioner and any other items you might need for the job, depending on the manufacturer’s recommendation. An auto parts store might have the whole kit, but personally, I would buy it at a dealership. It might be worth a few extra dollars. Sometimes you get what you pay for.
I found out that NAPA timing belts are made by Gates which seem to have a good reputation, so I am going with one of theirs. It comes as a kit with
the tensioner pulley. The idler was not included, so I’m going to check out the idler when I have it apart and examine it.
I’ve been a government fleet mechanic for 25 (+) years. The only time you should use carquest, advanced, autozone, etc is when you are buying parts for a car you don’t plan to keep. Napa is very reliable and trustworthy eventhough you’ll find their prices are a bit higher - there is a reason why they have been around longer then the latest chain/7-11 parts stores. Factory parts are often the best route to go if you want to pay their prices - rediculous. Remeber, there is always some geeky little crackhead at the dealership just waiting to soak up your money.
If you have ever walked through a NAPA, CARQUEST, BIG A, ALL PRO and a few others you will find all of them stock mostly the same brands. It’s the Zones and Advances that sell sub-par quality parts. Some brands are better than OEM, Moog suspension in particular.
“Factory parts are often the best route to go if you want to pay their prices - rediculous. Remeber, there is always some geeky little crackhead at the dealership just waiting to soak up your money.” Since he lost his job as a goverment fleet mechanic for 25 (+) years.
How is that AutoZone or Advance sells sub-par parts? Both places have gladly handed me MOOG suspension parts, Melling oil pumps, Fel-Pro gasket sets, Bosch O2 sensors, Goodyear belts and hoses, Perfect Circle piston rings, Timken bearings, Motorcraft alternators/starters, Raybestos brakes, etc., etc.
I’ve never had a problem with Car Quest either; at least when we had one in this area. It closed not due to shoddy parts but a store manager who was into dirt racing and keeping his buddies supplied with Car Quest Corporate parts at sharply discounted or free rates. Eventually, to almost a 100 grand, he pushed it too far…
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